E1 means the indoor fan motor is not running as the board expects. That fan is what moves conditioned air through the rooms, so when it stops the system loses its entire purpose even though the compressor may still be running. A unit with E1 usually sounds like it is working and feels like it is doing nothing.
The indoor fan runs for years without a break, and the bearings wear out before the windings do. A motor on the way out starts with a rumble or a slow spin-up, then stops reporting speed and trips E1. Motors on units that have run with a clogged filter fail earliest, because they work harder for the same result.
A barrel fan packed with dust, or one with something caught in the blades, cannot reach the speed the board is asking for. The board sees the shortfall and reports E1. It is worth inspecting before the motor is replaced, because a clean costs a fraction of a motor and resolves a fair share of these codes.
The motor harness runs from the board to the fan assembly and passes close to the casing. A connector that has worked loose, a conductor rubbed through at a sharp edge, or corrosion at the plug will interrupt the speed signal. The board cannot tell a dead motor from a broken wire.
With the power off, the barrel is turned by hand and checked for free rotation, dust matting and anything caught between the blades. It should spin with no rubbing and no play in the shaft. A blade that rocks or grinds points at the bearing, and that is a motor replacement rather than a clean.
The motor is checked for winding continuity and for a bearing that is stiff or noisy. Where the motor turns freely but the board reports a speed fault, the internal speed sensor is the likely failure. Testing the motor rather than guessing is what stops a second one being fitted for the same code.
The plug at the indoor board is unplugged, inspected for corrosion and pushed firmly home, and the harness is traced for pinches and rubbing. Each conductor is continuity tested. On an intermittent E1 this is where the fault usually sits, and it costs nothing to check.